In this mudra, all the five fingers are held together with the palm turned down.
This suggests giving water, movement of a snake (the word is also mentioned as sarpasiras, sarpa meaning a snake), etc.
All the fingers not excluding the thumb are kept close to one another and the palm of the hand is hollow. This is called Sarpaṡīrṣa.
In order to represent water offerings (libations as well as sprinkling), movement of reptiles, challenging persons to combats and the stroking of the frontal globes the elephant etc. this hand is used.
Sarpaśiras (snake-head)—the fingers including the thumb to be close to one another and the palm to be hollowed.
It is used to represent the offering of water, movement of serpents, pouring water [on anything], challenging [for a duel], motion of the elephant’s frontal globes (kumhba) and the like.
If the middle of the Tripataka is bent inwards, it is Sarpakiras.
The meanings shown by this mudrii are - poison, serpent and hood.
Sarpaṡīrsha (snake-head): the middle of the Patāka hand is hollowed.
sandal-paste, snake, slowness, sprinkling, cherishing, etc., giving water to gods and sages, the flapping of elephants’ ears, massage of wrestlers.
According to another book: same definition. This hand is derived from Vishnu, who showed it when he offered to protect the Devas against Bali, and promised to put him down. Its sage is Vasava (Indra), its colour turmeric, its race Deva, its patron deity Siva.
rouge (kunkuma), mud, pranayama, washing the face, occasion of charity, sandal paste, elephant, a short man, massage of wrestler’s shoulders, fondling, milk, water, saffron, bashfulness, concealing a child, image, drinking water, clinging (lina), saying “Very true”, Brahmana caste, turmeric colour, saying “It is proper”, answering, sprinkling sandal powder, applying sandal paste, etc., holding the breasts, etc. of women.
Sarpaṡīrṣha (snake-hood): When the tips of lingers in the Patāka hand are bent, it is called Sarpaṡīrṣha.
used to denote sandal paste, a snake, the middle tone, sprinkling, nourishing, giving water to gods and sages, the moving to and fro of the two kumbbas (the slight protuberances of the head) of an elephant, and arms of wrestlers.
If the ends of all the fingers of the Patāka hasta are bent i.e. if the palm of the Patāka hasta is hollowed, it becomes Sarpaṡīrsha hasta (Sarpaṡīrsha or sarpasira = head or hood of a snake).
Sarpaṡīrsha hasta is used to denote the following: sandal paste, snake, mandra swara or slowness, sprinkling, cherishing etc., offering water to gods or sages, hitting the kumbhasthala of an elephant or flapping of elephant's ears and arms of wrestlers or massage of wrestlers.
When the middle of the Patāka hasta is hollowed, it becomes Sarpaṡīrsha hasta (Sarpa-sirsha =snake head or hood).
The Sarpaṡīrsha hasta is used to denote the following: kumkuma, mud, doing Prānāyāma, washing the face, occasion for charity ; sàndal paste, elephant, shortman, wrestlers slapping their shoulders, fondling, milk, water, saffron flower, bashfulness / concealing, child or concealing a child, image or idol, drinking water, to become one or clinging, saying very true, deva race, harit varnam, saying 'it is proper', sprinkling scented powder, applying sandal paste etc. and holding the breasts etc. of women.
Ahiphaṇa: The palm of the Patāka Hasta is hollowed.
This Hasta is used to depict pouring, drinking or offering of holy water. When facing downwards it is used to depict waving movement, dwarfs and the like. It is held facing upwards to depict blessing, appeasing and the movements of snakes,
Sarpaśirṣaka: If all the fingers (including thumb) join to make the ardha candra it is sarpaśirṣaka.
It is used to show movements like a snake, the watering process and throwing the water etc.
When the latter part of the patāka hasta is depressed, it is the sarpaṡirsha hasta. It finds use in receiving, giving, collecting water, dampening one’s self
slithering of a snake, the wrestlers striking their shoulders and thighs in combat, thumping the prominence on the upper part of an elephant’s forehead and upper part of its back, etc.
The hasta, in which all the fingers including the thumb are bent quite a little towards the palm, is called Sarpasira hasta by Subhaiikara.
A serpent, a small boat, the movement of a serpent, a pitcher full of water, the sprinkling of water,
the placing of a thing, a Ksatriya, a cruel person, the worship of gods, the frontal globe on the forehead of an elephant, different forms of union, striking out, the hood of a serpent,
water sport, bowls, giving of water, plastering—Sarpasirah is fixed by me in all these. Detailed Description of the Subjects of Sarpasirah Hasta
If Sarpasirah stands at the front,
it means a serpent.
If facing upwards it goes to the front,
it bespeaks of a small boat.
If Sarpasirah, a little crooked, goes to the front,
it exhibits the movement of a serpent.
If Sarpasirah is held at the front,
it stands for a pitcher full with water.
If Sarpasirah, facing upwards, is constantly pushed forward,
it means sprinkling of water.
If Sarpasirah, whether facing up or down, is exhibited at the front,
it means placing (of a thing).
If the two handsome Sarpasirah hastas rub each other and there is a frown on the eyes,
it means a Ksatriya or a cruel person.
If Sarpasirah, facing up, is moved forward,
it is the worship of gods.
If the two Sarpasirahs are fixed at the sides of the forehead,
it is the frontal globes on the forehead of an elephant.
If the right Sarpasirah holds the left Sarpasirah in an embrace,
it is some kind of physical union.
If the right Sarpasirah is slantingly raised up,
it means striking out.
If Sarpasirah moves forward
it is the hood of a serpent. If after the exhibition of water with the hands, the hand takes the position of a black-bee; it may be taken as depicting water sport.
If Sarpasirah, facing up, is brought forward,
it means vessels, good and bad.
If Sarpasirah, facing up, is lowered at the front,
it stands for offering of water.
If Sarpasirah is moved near the ground,
it is plastering of the floor.
That in which midfinger of patāka is bent, is sarpaṡirsha hand.
That [gesture] is known sarpasira when the palm of the patāka hand is curved in the middle.
the hand is turned downwards,
To indicate the movement of a snake
and it is turned upwards.
in offering oblation to gods
[It is used] in wrestling, in the clash of an elephant and a tortoise and in [showing] the downfall of pride.
Rahu: To show Sarpasirsa with the left hand and Suci with the right, is to make the hands of Rahu.